Chuanxue Hong

Professor of Plant Pathology

Hampton Roads AREC, Virginia Tech
1444 Diamond Springs Road
Virginia Beach, VA 23455

chhong2@vt.edu

757.363.3908

Education

Ph.D. Plant Pathology, 1990, China Agricultural University, Beijing
M.S. Plant Pathology, 1987, China Agricultural University, Beijing
B.S. Plant Protection, 1982, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei

Experience

May 2022 - present: Julian Haden Gary and Margaret Savage Gary Professor, School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Virginia Beach
July 2010 – present: Professor, School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Hampton Roads Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Virginia Beach
July 2005 – June 2010: Associate Professor, Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology and Weed Science, Hampton Roads Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Virginia Beach
May 1999 – June 2005: Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology and Weed Science, Hampton Roads Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Virginia Beach
October 1995 – May 1999: Postdoctoral Associate, Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis
April 1994 – October 1995: International Fellow, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, United Kingdom
September 1993 – April 1994: Research Fellow, International Crop Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
January 1993 – September 1993: Associate Professor, Institute of Crop Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
July 1990 – December 1992: Assistant Professor, Institute of Crop Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
July 1982 – September 1984: Extension Specialist, Jixi Agricultural Center, Anhui, China

Selected Major Awards

2023 - National Distinction Award - Virginia Tech
2022 - National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) Partnership Award - Program Improvement through Global Engagement to the Boxwood Blight Insight Group (BBIG), United States Department of AGriculture
2022 - National Distinction Award - Virginia Tech
2022 - Julian Haden Gary and Margaret Savage Gary Professor, Virginia Tech
2020 - Research team by Virginia Tech professor awarded $4 million grant to improve boxwood blight prevention, Virginia Tech Daily on November 20, 2020
2018 - Scholarship Excellence Award - Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology and Weed Science, Virginia Tech
2017 - Quorum sensing in Phytophthora research featured in the Virginia Tech Daily on July 17, 2017
2016 - National Distinction Award – Virginia Tech
2014 - Nominee for the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Partnership Award
2014 - The Virginia Tech Scholar of the Week for the week of January 27 through January 31, 2014
2011 - Featured in the Spotlight on Virginia Tech, an electronic magazine for 4 weeks from May 22 to June 18
2009 - The Extension Materials Award - Website Category, The American Society for Horticultural Science (Team Award)
2009 - The Educational Aids Blue Ribbon Award, The American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (Team Award)
2007 - The College Award for Excellence in Applied Research, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Virginia Tech
2004 - Invited Commentator for the Science magazine on the completion of genome sequencing of Phytophthora ramorum and P. sojae, two destructive plant pathogens
1994 - Rothamsted International Fellowship, Rothamsted Research
1993 - Research Fellowship, ICRISAT
1993 - Advancement in Science and Technology Award, The Beijing Municipal Government
1990 - The Most Outstanding Doctoral Dissertation Award, China Agricultural University

Courses Taught

PPWS 5204 – Principles of Plant Disease Management

Other Teaching and Advising

As an advisor, I strive to foster independence and personal responsibility, and promote strategic thinking, knowledge synthesis and communication skills. The goal is to empower postdoctoral associates, graduate students, and summer interns, and prepare them for a productive life in a global society.

Program Focus

The overall goal of my research is to develop science-based sustainable solutions to plant biosecurity, water and environmental sustainability in a changing climate. We strive to develop a better understanding of pathogen aquatic biology, microbial ecology and recycled water quality dynamics in irrigation and precipitation runoff containment basins, improve agricultural water health, and convert agricultural wastes to invaluable resources. We endeavor to understand the etiology, pathogen biology and epidemiology of new and emerging diseases such as sudden oak death (ramorum blight), boxwood blight and develop immediate and long-term solutions to these diseases.

Current Projects

"Improving boxwood blight mitigation through innovation, economic analysis and eduction" - this $4M project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) - Specialty Crop Research Initiative (SCRI) is a joint effort with twelve labs in seven states and many stakeholders including AmericanHort/Horticutlural Research Institute, as well as several instituions in Belgium, Germany and United Kingdom.
"Improving boxwood blight mitigation through innovative research" - this project funded by the USDA Animal and Plant Inspection Service (APHIS) is another joint effort with several institutions across the U.S.
"Evaluating antidesiccant products for boxwood blight mitigation at the Hampton Roads AREC containment facility" - this project funded by Virginia Nursery and Landscape Association.
"Advanced technology for detection and identification of Phytophthora spp. in nursery water samples" - this project funded by the USDA APHIS is a joint national effort with Dr. D. Luster of USDA ARS Foreign Disease and Weed Science Research leading and several other scientists includign myself collaborating.
"Novel approach to control multiple major diseases on nursery crops with plant endophytes" - this project funded by the USDA Specialty Crop Block Grant Program via Virginia Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services with Dr. P. Kong leading and myself collaborating.
"Virginia sustainable farms and agribusiness education initiative" - this project funded by the USDA NIFA Southern Risk Management Education Center with Dr. J. Boray of Agriculatural and Applied Economics Department leading and several other colleagues and myself at Virginia Tech collaborating.
“Aetiology of emerging ornamental crop diseases” – this project supported by VA Agricultural Experiment Station addresses the emerging needs of the horticulture industry for disease control solutions.

Program Focus

The primary goal of my extension program is to empower clientele to make informed management decisions on crop health, water shortage and agricultural runoff, three highly interconnected issues of global significance. I also conduct a variety of programs to meet their routine and emerging needs for disease control.

Recent Projects

In the Media

Boxwood Blight Insight Group wins prestigious NIFA award (Horticultural Research Institute, November 2, 2022)
Virginia Tech-led Group that researched means to curb boxwood blight wins USDA award (October 24, 2022)
Virginia aTech-led Group that reseached boxwood blight wins USDA award (USDA, October 18, 2022)
BBIG was among the 2022 USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) Partnershp recipients (USDA, October 17, 2022)
Research team led by Virginia Tech professor awarded $4 million grant to improve boxwood blight prevention (November 19, 2020)
University awarded $2.7 million to study waterborne pathogen management (November 11, 2011)
Horticulture webinar series to promote plant biosecurity, water and environmental sustainiability (September 26, 2013)
Change everything (Nursery Management, May 3, 2017)
Virginia Tech researchers find new way to thwart pathogen that causes sudden oak death (July 17, 2017)
Microbes fascinate, frustrate growers and scientists alike (Virginia Pilot, November 6, 2017)
Researchers enlist public's help in curbing the spread of boxwood blight (December 19, 2013)
Think outside the box (August 4, 2016)
Avoid spreading boxwood disease when decorating for the holidays (December 1, 2016)
An easy, elegant and strangely addictive holiday project: DIY boxwood wreaths (Washington Post, December 9, 2016)
New boxwood blight best management practices issued (Greenhouse Product News, September 21, 2017)

Current Projects

Diagnostics of plant disease samples to help formulate disease management programs
Fungicide trials to provide immediate and practical solutions to major disease problems.

* Graduate Student, Postdoctoral Associate or Visiting Scientist

Books

Hong, C. X., Moorman, G. W., Wohanka, W., and Büttner, C. 2014. Biology, Detection and Management of Plant Pathogens in Irrigation Water. APS Press, St. Paul, MN, USA. 436p
Gallegly, M. E., and Hong, C. X. 2008. Phytophthora: Identifying Species by Morphology and DNA Fingerprints. APS Press, St. Paul, MN, USA. 158p

Refereed journal articles

Hong, C. X. 2023. Building health into new boxwood crops and plantings by making informed cultivar selection. Plant Health Progress (open access)
Hong, C. X. 2023. BBIG Team met in the boxwood country - Oregon. Phytopathology News 57(5):11-12
Kong, P., Daughtrey, M. L., and Hong, C. X. 2023. Differential adaptation has resulted in aggressiveness variation of Calonectria pseudonaviculata on hosts Buxus, Pachysandra and Sarcococca. Journal of Fungi 9(2), 181
Kong, P., Li, X. P., Sharifi, M., Bordas, A., and Hong, C. X. 22023. Leaf endophyte community composition and network structures differe between tolerant and susceptible English boxwood. Phytobiomes Journal (open access)
Li, X. P.*, Omolehin, O.*, Tseng, T. H., Hemmings, G., Taylor, C., Taylor, A., Kong, P., Gouker, F., Daughtrey, M. L., Luster, D. G., and Hong, C. X. 2023. Boxwood phyllosphere fungal and bacterial communities and their differential responses to film-forming antidesiccants. BMC Microbiology (open access)
Li, X. P.*, Tseng, H. T., Omolehin*, O., Hemmings, G., Taylor, C., Taylor, A., Kong, P., Daughtrey, M. L., Gouker, F., and Hong, C. X. 2023. Characterization of boxwood shoot bacterial communities and potential impact from fungicide treatments. Microbiology Spectrum
Barker, B. S., Coop, L., and Hong, C. X. 2022. Potential distribution of invasive boxwood blight pathogen (Calonectria pseudonaviculata) as predicted by process-based and correlative models. Biology 11, 849
Brand, T., Beltz, H., Adhikari, U.*, Daughtrey, M., Luster, Dd., Kong, P., and Hong, C. X. 2022. Evaluation of fungicides for management of boxwood blight caused by Calonectria spp. under field conditions in Northern Germany. Plant Diseases and Protection (open access)
Brand, T., Beltz, H., Ehsen, B., Adhikari, U.*, Daughtrey, M. L., Luster, D. G., Kong, P., and Hong, C. X. 2022. Multi-year field plantings evaluating boxwood cultivars for susceptibility to the blight pathogens (Calonectria spp.) in Northern Germany. Plant Disease published as First Look at https://dor.org/10.1094/PDIS-05-22-1102-RE
Hong, C. X., Daughtrey, M. L., Howle, M., Schirmer, S., Kosta, K., Kong, P., Likins, M., and Suslow, K. 2022. Rapid decline of Calonectria pseudonaviculata soil population in selected gardens across the United States. Plant Disease (https://doi.org/10-1094/PDIS-02-22-0443-RE)
Kong, P., Li, X. P.*, Gouker, F., and Hong, C. X. 2022. cDNA transcriptome of Arabidopsis reveals various defense priming induced by a broad-spectrum biocontrol agent Burkholderia sp. SSG. International Journal Molecular Sciences 23, 3151
Li, X. P.*, Kong, P., Daughtrey, M. L., Kosta, K., Schirmer, S., Howle, M., Likins, M., and Hong, C. X. 2022. Characterization of the soil bactertial community in selected boxwood gardens across the United States. Microorganisms 10, 1514
Omolehin, O.*, Keller, J., Gouker, F., Luster, D. G., Daughtrey, M. L., and Hong, C. X. 2022. Combating an invasive boxwood pathogen 0 Calonectria pseudonaviculata in the United States by shifting production to more resistant cultivars. Plant Disease published online as First Look now
Yoder, K. S., Dunn R. A., Saunders, J. B., Mays, T. R., Yanny, M. D., Hong, C. X., and Scoggins, H. L. 2022. Field performance of Buxus cultivars and selections against boxwood leafminer and boxwood blight. Journal of Environmental Horticulture 40(4): 129-42
Avenot, H. F.*, Baudoin, A. B., and Hong, C. X. 2021. Con idial production and viability of Calonectria pseudonaviculata on infected boxwood leaves and twigs as affected by temperature, wetness and dryness periods. Plant Pathology 71:696-701
Hall, C. R., Hong, C. X., Gouker, F. E., and Daughtrey, M. 2021. Anal yzing the structure shifts in U.S. boxwood production due to boxwood blight. Journal of Environmental Horticulture 39(3): 91-99
Kong, P., Sharifi, M., Bordas, A., and Hong, C. X. 2021. Differential tolerance to Calonectria pseudonaviculata of English boxwood plants associated with the complexity of culturable fungal and bacterial endophyte communities. Plants 10, 2244
Kong, P., and Hong, C. X. 2020. A potent Burkholderia endophyte against boxwood blight caused by Calonectria pseudonaviculata. Microorganisms 2020, 8(2), 310
Kong, P., and Hong, C. X. 2020. Complete genome sequence of a boxwood endophyte Burkholderia sp. SSG with broad biotechnological application potential. Biotechnology Reports 26, June 2020, e00455
Kong, P., and Hong, C. X. 2020. Endop hytic Burkholderia sp. SSG as a potential biofertilizer promoting boxwood gro wth. PeerJ 8:e9547
Kong, P., Richardson, P., and Hong, C. X. 2020. Burkhol deria sp. SSG is a broad spectrum antagonist against plant diseases caused by diverse pathogens. Biological Control 151, December 2020, 104380
Richardson, P., Daughtrey, M., and Hong, C. X. 2020. Indications of susceptibility to Calonectria pseudonaviculata in some common ground covers and boxwood companion plants. Plant Disease 104:1127-1132
Yang, X.*, and Hong, C. X. 2020 Biological control of Phytophthora foliar blight by Pseudomonas protegens strain 14D5. European Journal of Plant Pathology 156:591-601
Hong, C. X. 2019. Fighting plant pathogens together. Science 365(6540):229
Kong, P., and Hong, C. X. 2019. Host responses and impact on the boxwood blight pathogen, Calonectria pseudonaviculata. Planta 249:831-838
Kong, P., Richardson, P. , and Hong, C. X. 2019. Seasonal dynamics of cyanobacteria and eukaryotic phytoplankton in a multi-reservoir cycling irrigation system. Ecological Process 8, 37
Likins, T. M., Kong, P., Avenot, H. F., Marine, S. C., Baudoin, A. B., and Hong, C. X. 2019. Preventing soil inoculum of Calonectria pseudonaviculata from splashing onto healthy boxwood foliage by mulching. Plant Disease 103:357-363
Copes, W. E., Ristvey, A., Richardson, P. A., Belayneh, B. E., Zhang, H. B., Lea-Cox, J., and Hong, C. X. 2018. Monthly patterns of nutrient, pH, alkalinity and ionic variables in runoff containment basins in ornametnal plant nurseries. HortScience 53:360-372
Marine, S. C.*, Baudoin, A. B., and Hong, C. X. 2018. Effect of initial darkness period on the pathogenicity of Calonectria pseudonaviculata on boxwood. Plant Pathology 67:360-372
Yang, X.*, and Hong, C. X. 2018. Biological control of boxwood blight by Peudomonas protegens recovered from recycling irrigation systems. Biological Control 124:68-73
Yang, X.*, and Hong, C. X. 2018. Microsclerotial enumeration, size, and survival of Calonectria pseudonaviculata. Plant Disease 102:983-990.
Yang, X.*, and Hong, C. X. 2018. Differential usefulness of nine commonly-used genetic markers for identifying Phytophthora species. Frontiers in Microbiology Open access at https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.02334
Avenot, H. F.*, King, C., Edwards, T. P., Baudoin, A., and Hong, C. X. 2017. Effects of inoculum dose, temperature, cultivar, and interrupted leaf wetness periods on infection of boxwood by Calonectria pseudonaviculata. Plant Disease 101:866-873
Brazee, N. J., Yang, X.*, and Hong, C. X. 2017. Phytophthora caryae sp. nov., a new species from streams and rivers in eastern United States. Plant Pathology 66:805-817
Copes, W. E., Zhang, H. B., Richardson, P. A., Belayneh, B. E, Ristvey, A., Lea-Cox, J., and Hong, C. X. 2017. Nutrient, pH, alkalinity, and ionic property levels in run-off containment basins in Maryland, Mississippi and Virginia ornamental plant nurseries. HortScience 52:641-648
Jung, T., Chang, T. T., Bakonyi, J., Seress, D., Pérez-Sierra, A., Yang, X.*, Hong, C. X., Scanu, B., Fu, C. H., Hsueh, K. L, Maia, C., Abad-Campos, P., Léon, M., and Jung, M. H. 2017. Diversity of Phytophthora species in natural ecosystems of Taiwan and association with disease symptoms. Plant Pathology 66:194-211
Kong, P., and Hong, C. X. 2017. Biocontrol of boxwood blight by Trichoderma koningiopsis Mb2. Crop Protection 98:124-127
Kong, P., Likins, T. M., and Hong, C. X. 2017. First report of blight of Sarcococca hookeriana var. humilis by Calonectria pseudonaviculata in Virginia. Plant Disease 101:247
Kong, P., Likins, T. M., and Hong, C. X. 2017. First report of Pachysandra terminals leaf blight by Calonectria pseudonaviculata in Virginia. Plant Disease 101:509
Kong, P., McDowell, J., and Hong, C. X. 2017. Zoospore exudates from Phytophthora nicotianae affect immune responses in Arabidopsis. PLoS ONE published online at http://jouirnals.plos.org/plosone/articles?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0180523
Kong, P., Richardson, P. A., and Hong, C. X. 2017. Diversity and community structure of cyanobacteria and associated microbes in agricultural runoff containment reservoirs. PLoS ONE 12(3): e0173903. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0173903
Yang, X.*, Tyler, B. M., and Hong, C. X. 2017. An expanded multi-locus phylogeny for the genus Phytophthora. IMA Fungus 8(2)355-384
Choudhary, C. E., Burgos-Garay, M. L., Moorman, G. W., and Hong, C. X. 2016. Pythium and Phytopythium species in two Pennsylvania greenhouse irrigation water tanks. Plant Disease 100:926-932
Hong, C. X. 2016. Koch’s postulates in the genomics era. Science eLetters at http://science.sciencemag.org/content/351/6270/224.e-letters
Kong, P., and Hong, C. X. 2016. Environmental bacteria promote infection of host and nonhost plants by Phytophthora species. Nature Scientific Reports published online at http://www.nature.com/articles/srep33239
Copes, W. E., Yang, X., and Hong, C. X. 2015. Phytophthora species recovered from irrigation reservoirs in Mississippi and Alabama nurseries and pathogenicity of three new species. Plant Disease 99:1390-1395
Dart, N. L.*, Hong, C. X., Craig, C. A., Fry, J. T., and Hu, X. R. 2015. Soil inoculum production, survival and infectivity of the boxwood blight pathogen, Calonectria pseudonaviculata. Plant Disease 99:1689-1694
Yang, X.*, Balci, Y., Brazee, N. J., Loyd, A. L., and Hong, C. X. 2015. A unique species in Phytophthora clade 10, Phytophthora intercalaris sp. nov., recovered from stream and irrigation water in eastern USA. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 66:845-855
Yang, X.*, and Hong, C. X. 2015. Diversity and population of Phytophthora, Phytopythium and Pythium recovered from sediments in an agricultural runoff sedimentation reservoir. Plant Pathology published online at DOI: 10.1111/ppa.12488
Zhang, H. B.*, Richardson, P. A., Belayeh, B. E., Ristvey, A., Lea-Cox, J. D., Copes, W. E., Moorman, G. W., and Hong, C. X. 2015. Characterization of water quality in stratified recycling irrigation reservoirs. Agricultural Water Management 160:76-83
Burgos-Garay, M. L., Moorman, G. W., and Hong, C. X. 2014. Interactions of heterotrophic bacteria from recycled greenhouse irrigation water with plant pathogenic Pythium. HortScience 49:961-967
Dart, N. L.*, Hong, C. X., and Bradley, W. T. 2014. An improved leaf disc bioassay for detecting Calonectria pseudonaviculata in soil and potting media. Plant Disease 98:1626-1631
Hao, W.*, and Hong, C. X. 2014. Heat treatment induced bacterial changes in irrigation water and their implications for plant disease management. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 30:1591-1601
Kong, P., and Hong, C. X. 2014. Oxygen stress reduces zoospore survival of Phytophthora species in a simulated aquatic system. BMC Microbiology http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2180/14/124
Yang, X.*, Copes, W. E., and Hong, C. X. 2014. Two novel species representing a new clade and cluster of Phytophthora species. Fungal Biology 118:72-82
Yang, X.*, Gallegly, M. E., and Hong, C. X. 2014. A new high-temperature tolerant species in the clade 9 of the genus Phytophthora: P. hydrogena sp. nov. Mycologia 106:57-65
Yang, X.*, and Hong, C. X. 2014. Halophytophthora fluviatilis sp. nov. from freshwater in Virginia. FEMS Microbiology Letters 352:230-237
Olson, H. A.*, Jeffers, S. N., Ivors, K. L., Steddom, K. C., Williams-Woodward, J. L., Mmbaga, M. T., Benson, D. M., and Hong, C. X. 2013. Diversity and mefenoxam sensitivity of Phytophthora spp. associated with the ornamental horticulture industry in the southeastern US. Plant Disease 97:86-92
Pistininzi, M.*, Weiss, E., Achtemeier, L., and Hong, C. X. 2013. Zoospore production biology of pythiaceous plant pathogens. Journal of Phytopathology 162:69-801.
Yang, X.*, Copes, W. E., and Hong, C. X. 2013. Phytophthora mississippiae sp. nov., a new species recovered from irrigation reservoirs at a plant nursery in Mississippi. Journal of Plant Pathology and Microbiology http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2157-7471.1000180
Yang, X.*, and Hong, C. X. 2013. Phytophthora virginiana sp. nov., a high-temperature tolerant species from irrigation water in Virginia. Mycotaxon 126:167-176
Yang, X.*, Kong, P., and Hong, C. X. 2013. Evaluation of fungicide drenches for control of Phytophthora root rot of petunia, 2012. Plant Disease Management Reports 7:OT002
Yang, X.*, Richardson, P. A., and Hong, C. X. 2013. Evaluation of fungicide for control of rose downy mildew, 2012. Plant Disease Management Reports 7:OT001
Yang, X.*, Richardson, P. A., Kong, P., and Hong, C. X. 2013. Fungicidal control of Phytophthora aerial blight on annual vinca in Virginia, 2012. Plant Disease Management Reports 7:OT005
Yang, X.*, Richardson, P. A., Olson, H. A., and Hong, C. X. 2013. Root and stem rot of begonia caused by Phytopythium helicoides in Virginia. Plant Disease 97:1385
Hao, W.*, Ahonsi, M. O., Vinatzer, B. A. and Hong, C. X., 2012. Inactivation of Phytophthora and bacterial species in water by a potential energy-saving heat treatment. European Journal of Plant Pathology DOI 10.1007/s10658-012-9994-4
Hong, C. X., Richardson, P. A., Hao, W., Ghimire, S. R., Kong, P., Moorman, G. W., Lea-Cox, J. D., and Ross, D. S. 2012. Phytophthora aquimorbida sp. nov. and Phytophthora taxon ‘aquatilis’ recovered from irrigation reservoirs and a stream in Virginia, USA. Mycologia doi:10.3852/11-055
Kong, P., Lea-Cox, J. D., and Hong, C. X. 2012. Effect of electrical conductivity on survival of Phytophthora alni, P. kernoviae and P. ramorum in a simulated aquatic environment. Plant Pathology DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3059.2012.02614.x
Kong, P., Lea-Cox, J. D., Moorman, G. W. and Hong, C. X. 2012. Survival of Phytophthora alni, P. kernoviae and P. ramorum in a simulated aquatic environment at different levels of pH. FEMS Microbiology Letters DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2012.02574.x
Man in 't Veld, W. A., Rosendahl, K. C. H. M., and Hong, C. X. 2012. Phytophthora Xserendipita sp. nov., a new species generated by natural hybridization. Mycologia doi:10.3852/11-272
Yang, X.*, Richardson, P. A., Ghimire, S. R., Kong, P., and Hong, C. X. 2012. Phytophthora hedraiandra detected from irrigation water at a perennial plant nursery in Virginia. Plant Disease 96:915
Ghimire, S. R.*, Richardson, P. A., Kong, P., Hu, J. H., Lea-Cox, J. D., Ross, D. R., Moorman, G. W., and Hong, C. X. 2011. Distribution and diversity of Phytophthora species in nursery irrigation reservoir adopting water recycling system during winter months. Journal of Phytopathology DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0434.2011.01831.x
Hong, C. X., Gallegly, M. E., Richardson, P. A., and Kong, P. 2011. Phytophthora pini Leonian resurrected to distinct species status. Mycologia 103:351-360
Ahonsi, M. O.*, Banko, T. J., Doane, S. R., Demuren, A. O., Copes, W. E., and Hong, C. X. 2010. Effects of hydrostatic pressure, agitation and CO2 stress on Phytophthora nicotianae zoospores in simulated recycled irrigation water. Pest Management Science 66:696-704
Hao, W.*, Richardson, P. A., and Hong, C. X. 2010. First report of foliar blight of Catharanthus roseus caused by Phytophthora tropicalis in Virginia. Plant Disease 94:274
Hong, C. X., Gallegly, M. E., Richardson, P. A., Kong, P., Moorman, G. W., Lea-Cox, J. D., and Ross, D. S. 2010. Phytophthora hydropathica, a new species isolated from irrigation water, Rhododendron catawbiense and Kalmia japonica. Plant Pathology 59:913-921
Hu J. H.*, Hong, C. X., Stromberg, E. L., and Moorman, G. W. 2010. Mefenoxam sensitivity in Phytophthora cinnamomi isolates. Plant Disease 94:39-44
Kong, P. and Hong, C. X. 2010. Zoospore density-dependent behaviors of Phytophthora nicotianae are autoregulated by extracellular products. Phytopathology 100:632-637
Kong, P., Lee, B. W. K., Zhou, Z. S., Bhalla, R., and Hong, C. X. 2010. Zoosporic plant pathogens produce bacterial autoinducer-2 that affects Vibrio harveyi quorum sensing. FEMS Microbiology Letters 303:55-60
Kong, P., Tyler, B. M., Richardson, P. A., Lee, B. W. K., Zhou, S. H., and Hong, C. X. 2010. Zoospore interspecific signaling promote plant infection by Phytophthora species. BMC Microbiology http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2180/10/313
Lea-Cox J. L., Zhao, C., Ross, D. S., Bilderback, T., Harris, J. R., Day, S., Hong, C. X., Yeager, T., Beeson, R., Bauerle, W., Ristvey, A., Lorscheider, M., Dickinson, S., and Ruter, J. 2010. A nursery and greenhouse online knowledge center: learning opportunities for sustainable practice. HortTechnology 20:509-517
Parkunan V.*, Johnson, C. S., Bowman, B. C., and Hong, C. X. 2010. First report of Phytopthhora inundata associated with a latent infection of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) in Virginia. Plant Pathology 59:1164
Parkunan, V.*, Johnson, C. S., Bowman, B. C., and Hong, C. X. 2010. Population structure, mating type and mefenoxam sensitivity of Phytophthora nicotianae in Virginia tobacco fields. Plant Disease 94:1361-1365
Ghimire, S. R.*, Richardson, P. A., Moorman, G. W., Lea-Cox, J., Ross, D. S., and Hong, C. X. 2009. An in-situ bioassay for detecting Phytophthora species in irrigation runoff containment basins. Plant Pathology 58:577-583
Hong, C. X., Gallegly, M. E., Browne, G. T., Bhat, R., Richardson, P. A., and Kong, P. 2009. The avocado subgroup of Phytophthora citricola constitutes a distinct species, Phytophthora mengei sp. nov. Mycologia 101:833-840
Hong, C. X., Lea-Cox, J. D., Ross, D. S., Moorman, G. W., Richardson, P. A., Ghimire, S. R., and Kong, P. 2009. Containment basin water quality fluctuation and implications for crop health management. Irrigation Science 27:485-496
Kong, P., Moorman, G. W., Lea-Cox, J. D., Ross, D. S., Richardson, P. A., and Hong, C. X. 2009. Zoosporic tolerance to pH stress and its implications for Phytophthora species in aquatic ecosystems. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 75:4307-4314
Gallegly, M. E., and Hong, C. X. 2008. Phytophthora: Identifying Species by Morphology and DNA Fingerprints. APS Press, St. Paul, MN, USA. 158p
Guha Roy, S., and Hong, C. X. 2008. The first finding of Pythium root rot and leaf blight of elephant foot yam (Amorphophallus campanulatus) in India. Plant Pathology 57:369
Hong, C. X., Gallegly, M. E., Richardson, P. A., Kong, and P., Moorman, G. W. 2008. Phytophthora irrigata sp. nov., a new species isolated from irrigation reservoirs and rivers in eastern United States of America. FEMS Microbiology Letters 285:203-211
Hong, C. X., Richardson, P. A., and Kong, P. 2008. Pathogenicity to ornamental plants of some existing species and new taxa of Phytophthora from irrigation water. Plant Disease 92:1201-1207
Hu, J. H.*, Hong, C. X., Stromberg, E. L., and Moorman, G. W. 2008. Mefenoxam sensitivity and fitness analysis of Phytophthora nicotianae isolates from Virginia nurseries. Plant Pathology 57:728-736
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